Synthesis gas

1. Aims and guidelines

The main purpose - the construction of the Complex for processing:

municipal solid waste (hereinafter - TBT), including those stored in garbage burial grounds

Sleepers

waste / x, woodworking

peat

sludge

coal, in order to isolate the secondary raw material for the production of heat and electricity, by high-temperature gasification (the VHG), with using high-tech equipment for the complete health Cleaning of cities and towns from MSW.

the latest developments of Russian scientists and used in conjunction inventors, which are significantly cheaper than their foreign counterparts. The advantage is that the active complex will provide complex processing of solid waste, ie output, ready for immediate using.

Main directions:

to create a system of industrial-waste processing complex MSW;

establishment of a financial mechanism that removes the burden considerably on the budgets of the regional and local levels through an integrated application economically viable and environmentally sound handling technologies MSW, the rational organization of material flows using capacity of the existing legislation, to reduce the financial costs and tax losses;

reduction in the flow of daily municipal solid waste to be recycling;

processing of existing landfills and further reclamation land;

The use of complexes for processing of solid waste will allow to dispose of solid waste, received both environmental and economic benefits. Ecological effect is due to the fact that the place of burial of solid waste will cease to grow and released into the atmosphere, soil, water, air and hazardous toxic substances. Economic effect - making a profit from the recycling of solid waste, which are raw materials. MSW disposal equipment based on gasification technology allows solve all the environmental problems by providing:

the necessary performance of solid waste disposal

the necessary environmental performance in the process of disposal of solid waste (Ecological Project security in accordance with existing standards)

the use of solid waste as a fuel for the production of synthesis gas, which completely replaces the natural gas consumption in the enterprise.

Innovative technology project. solid waste disposal technology

To date, three known congruent technology thermochemical processing of solid waste: direct combustion, pyrolysis and gasification.

Burning - the most used MSW disposal method. end products direct combustion - ash and significant amounts of toxic volatile substance (benzopyrene) and chlorine (dioxins), emitted into the environment! Given an effective (environmentally friendly) recycling It should be based not on a simple incineration, and deep processing with neutralization of these intermediate components.

The pyrolysis - thermal decomposition of matter without access to air. The use of pyrolysis for recycling of solid waste makes it possible to prevent environmental pollution, since the process is in a sealed condition. However, experience in the processing of solid waste pyrolysis plants shows that pyrolysis gas released is often not enough even for their own needs, not let alone the surplus. Besides, now gaseous and liquid products pyrolysis much more waste can be referred to Production than than in the commercial product. Bringing them to the required level will require significant material and time costs

Based on the above it can be concluded that all The methods of solid waste disposal, in addition to gasification, can not solve the problem of disposing of existing and newly formed of solid waste, taking into account environmental requirements and economic parameters of the project.

Let us consider gasification technology

it is known that atomization and homogenization of biofuels reduces incompleteness combustion of hydrocarbon compounds, wherein the degree of neutralization of existing harmful impurities increases many times as compared to the conventional incineration.

A prerequisite for further successful and environmentally sound disposal of solid waste is their preparation (sorting removal metal and glass, drying to a moisture content of 15-20% Preliminary comminution and fabrication homogeneous materials suitable for gasification.)

The basic part of the suggested complex is a gasifier facing the gasification process.

The gasification of MSW, previously prepared and dried up desired moisture is carried out by thermal decomposition lack of oxygen at a temperature of 1100-1400 ° C When present in this TBT harmful substances in parallel with the release of volatile substances become gaseous. Consistently occur during oxidative gasification first and then, when passing a layer of hot carbon gases recovery processes to ensure, as a result of the thermochemical reaction, producing generating synthesis gas.

The composition of the synthesis gas generator:

SO - 17 ... .25% H2 - 7 ... 14%; CH4 - 1.5 ... 3.0%

CO 2 - 7 ... .12%, N2 - 60 ... 70%; O2 - 0 ... .1%.

resulting in the gasifier synthesis gas containing flammable gases may used for applying heat by burning in special burners and for power generation, since its previous cleaning and cooling.

When these are formed of solid waste disposal for the proposed technology types of by-products: slag and ash in the ash pan is dry gas generator and bat ash after the cyclone, the waste recycled water (10% of the total amount per day) thickened sediment in the sump of the electrostatic precipitator and exhaust (smoke) gases.

Formed dry ash and slag are recycled or are made products - cement, paving tiles, ceramics, insulation, etc.

The thickened sediment in the water sump scrubber and electrostatic precipitator disposed of or sent for re-gasification. Exhaust gases in the the output of the generating commensurate with the composition and concentration of harmful substances exhaust gases, where natural gas is used as fuel, and pose environmental hazards.

The resulting thermal gasification of solid waste, or (ii) electric power It can be used for electricity and heating.

Stages MSW processing

The first stage. Sorting and grinding of waste from the simultaneous-sampling Glass and metallic impurities.

The second stage. a feedstock drying and pre-drying chamber preparation of fuel to gasification (briquetting).

The third stage. Gasification of raw materials needed to produce a moisture synthesis gas with a deficiency of oxygen.

The fourth stage. Cleaning and cooling synthesized gas for provide the necessary cleaning performance. If necessary, possible selection thermal energy supply outside customers.

The fifth stage. Submission of purified and cooled gas to power gas turbine generators, producing electricity for feeding network.

Innovative technologies that underlie the creation of universal systems for waste, MSW in turn allow demanded quality products - thermal and (or) electricity available for powering of any consumer. Depth of processing MSW 85-90%.

Additional economic benefits universal systems

complexes are easy to operate. They may be mounted on distance from the source of raw material and in the immediate vicinity. The process of waste disposal is absolutely harmless.

Complexes environmentally safe and non-waste. Complexes bistrookupaemy, since they help to hazardous and hazardous wastes at minimum cost is carried out highly liquid products - thermal or (Ii) electric power.

Performance complexes varies, based on the volume of waste, available for processing.

A general view of the complex (without grinding systems, drying, preparation and generating part):

Infrastructure, special requirements for production, energy and engineering provision of production

Universal complex can be installed both indoors and under outdoors. Specific requirements for the installation and site no. Gas reciprocating engines with power installed on the street. Choppers and storage areas prepared by the raw materials, drying units and training will be located in prefabricated buildings, hangars.

The complex does not include:

delivery to the installation of equipment and customs clearance;

the construction work and materials on the site preparation for the placement complex;

to connect to existing networks or consumers;

permits. The supplier provides all the drawings needed to prepare the site for equipment installation.

Warranty complex

The warranty period of the module - 1 year since the introduction of operation, but no more than 1.5 years from the date of delivery. Service life of the module is at least 10 years. Mean time to failure (time to first repair) - 24 000 hours. The average service life of components of the module units - not less than 40000 hours.

Staff:

Only individuals may be allowed to work past vocational training, medical examination, studied safety instructions.

Training of customer personnel in the total costs is carried out of the complex during the warranty period. After training staff It takes an examination of aptitude and receives a certificate.

Existing equipment:

Kiev, "Gas Institute" - 1.7 m3 / h;

Slovakia, the village Nedozhory - 50kW

Currently under construction and installation of the gas generator station Yagotin dairy (Yagotin, Ukraine), performance 300 m3 gas per hour

r .. Bryansk, 100 kW

Dannoepredlozhenie is common, because it is no sufficient information for a more detailed study of the project. The projected cost of the complex depends the quantity of gas consumed, and (or) of electricity. On request - Offer may be modified and refined by the budgetary cost, after gather all the necessary information.